Barrax (Albacete), July 7, 1894 – Madrid, January 16, 1980
Palencia moved to Madrid in 1909, where he studied the Spanish Golden Age masters at the Prado Museum and connected with leading intellectuals of his time. His stay in Paris in 1926 was decisive: he absorbed cubism and met artists such as Picasso, Miró, Gargallo and Braque, incorporating collage techniques and new material approaches into his work.
Upon returning to Spain, he held his first solo exhibition in 1928 and became a central figure of the Spanish avant‑garde. Until 1936, his paintings combined Spanish themes with surrealist approaches and cubist‑inspired abstraction. From the 1940s onward, he developed his most recognizable style: expressive, colorful and poetic interpretations of the Castilian landscape, which secured his place as a master of modern Spanish painting.
He became a member of the Royal Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando and received major distinctions, including the Gold Medal for Merit in the Fine Arts. His legacy remains essential to understanding 20th‑century Spanish art.
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